推导Sn=a1+a2+a3+...+an(公比为q)q*Sn=a1*q+a2*q+a3*q+...+an*q=a2+a3+a4+...+an+a(n+1)相减:Sn-q*Sn=(1-q)Sn=a1-a(n+1)因为a(n+1)=a1*q^n所以Sn=a1(1-q^n)/(1-q)(q≠1)