骨骼肌的收缩方式及原理

最好有图啊,谢谢
2025-03-15 11:19:51
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

目前公认的骨骼肌收缩机制是肌丝滑行学说。该学说认为,肌纤维收缩并不是肌纤维中肌丝本身的缩短或卷曲,而是细肌丝在粗肌丝之间滑行的结果。肌丝滑行使肌节长度缩短,肌原纤维缩短表现为肌纤维收缩。

肌纤维处于静息状态时,原肌球蛋白遮盖肌球蛋白上与横桥结合的位点,横桥无法与位点结合。当肌纤维兴奋时,终池内的Ca↑(2+)进入肌浆,致使肌浆中Ca↑(2+)浓度升高,Ca↑(2+)与肌钙蛋白结合,引起肌钙蛋白构型发生改变,牵拉原肌球蛋白移位,将肌动蛋白上与横桥结合的位点暴露出来,引发横桥与肌动蛋白结合。横桥一旦与肌动蛋白结合,便激活横桥上的ATP酶,使ATP分解释放能量,使横桥发生扭动,牵拉细肌丝向M线肌节中心方向滑行(图2-9),结果是肌节缩短,肌纤维收缩。

当肌浆中Ca↑(2+)浓度降低时,肌钙蛋白与Ca↑(2+)分离,原肌球蛋白又回归原位将肌动蛋白上的结合点掩盖起来。横桥停止扭动,与肌动蛋白脱离,细肌丝滑出,肌节恢复原长度,表现为肌纤维舒张。
给你一个课件,上面写的很清楚http://astlab.njau.edu.cn:8012/yscl/4%B5%E4%D0%CD%B6%E0%C3%BD%CC%E5%BF%CE%BC%FE/%B6%AF%CE%EF%C9%FA%C0%ED%D1%A7/8muscle.ppt
这个图片解释得很不错,http://fjet.fjnu.edu.cn/course/netcourse/chapter12.htm
希望对你有帮助

回答2:

你应该是高中生,没必要弄那么清楚。你只需要知道原理是 肌丝滑行理论 就行了。收缩方式有强直收缩和非强直收缩。

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