古代科举制度是用来选拔人才的,那它没出现的时候,古人是如何寻找人才的呢?

科举制度还没出现的时候,朝廷都是用什么方法筛选人才的?
2025-01-05 22:08:11
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

科举制一直是我国古代选拔人才的重要机制,士子无论富贵清寒,苦读诗书经卷,他日一朝高中,飞跃龙门,成为天子门生,之后则可入官途,优秀者更能在京朝为官,前途无限量,故而无数学子辛苦学习,就是为了科举,而后为帝王家卖命。而科举实则是在隋唐时期才出现,逐渐制度化的

上古三代,商末西伯侯为推翻纣王,发展自己的部族,任用姜尚为相,而姜尚是他从山野间请到的贤士,到周建立之后,大封诸侯,诸侯之下官员大多由贵族担任,以血缘来维系官职,世代因袭,不论人才是否有质量。到秦国商鞅变法时,为了适应战国的乱局,以军功爵制来提拔善于征战的人才,即根据军功的多少来决定爵位,善战者优先。

到秦国商鞅变法时,为了适应战国的乱局,以军功爵制来提拔善于征战的人才,即根据军功的多少来决定爵位,善战者优先。到秦汉之后,为了更多的搜访各地的人才,就有了察举征辟制,所谓察举,就是当地的官员寻访各乡里优秀之人,或以孝著称或以贤能著称。汉朝以孝立国,故而特别重视孝道。其选拔出的人才称之为孝廉,是一种从民间向上推举的人才制度。而征辟则是由上级官员为自己选择出吏的制度。

到魏晋时期,曹魏设立九品中正制,划分官员为九等,设中正来选拔官员。但中正逐渐被世家大士所把持,官员大多数自于名门,阻塞了选拔人才的道路。直到隋唐科举制的出现才打破了这一僵局。

回答2:

在科举制没有出现以前,朝廷选拔人才有察举制和征辟制等,通过地方官员的举荐,朝廷对其进行考察,如果情况属实就会得到任用。还有秦孝公颁布的“求贤令”,商鞅就是因为这个求贤令从而与秦孝公相识。

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