古罗马万神庙是什么时候建造的?

2025-03-16 23:05:51
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

万神庙(Pantheon)原是公元前27年古罗马统帅M.V.阿格里帕(M.V.Agrippa)神庙,居然在公元80年遭到雷击。公元120~124年罗马皇帝哈德良重建。公元609年教皇卜尼法斯四世将它改名为圣母与诸殉道者教堂。万神庙的基本构思是宇宙象征意义。它是罗马的单一空间,集中式构图的建筑物的代表,也是罗马穹隆技术的代表。在19世纪以前,它是世界上跨度最大的穹隆顶建筑。万神庙是前柱廊式的,但焚毁之后,重建时,采用了穹顶覆盖的集中式形制。门廊面阔33米,16根科林斯式的柱子分3行排列。大门两侧放置着奥古斯都和阿格里帕的雕像。万神庙是圆形的,穹顶直径达43.3米,顶端高度也是43.3米,按照当时的观念,穹顶象征天宇。它中央开一个直径8.9米的圆洞,象征着神的世界和人的世界的联系。从圆洞(圆天窗)射来柔和的光,照亮空阔的内部,有一种宗教所特有的气息。

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