have
done指已经发生的事情,并对现在构成影响
i
have
bought
a
bike.我已经买了一辆自行车(表示你说话时你拥有自行车,但说话之后这辆车的状况便不得而知了)
这跟一般过去时不同的是:i
bought
a
bike(过去买了车,但说话时自行车可能已经不存在了)
have
been
doing表示已经发生的事情,对现在并且将会在一段时间内持续影响下去,用完成进行时一般都有特定的某段时间来修饰
例:i
have
been
working
here
by
the
year
2010.(在说话之前已经在此工作,说话时也正在此处工作,并且这种状态会持续到2010年)
现在完成时表一个动作已经做完.
和一般现在时比较起来更侧重对现在造成的影响.
一般是. have done sth.
Eg;
Mum,can I go out to play basketball.?I have finished my homework.
妈,我可以出去打篮球了吗.作业已经做完啦.
Eg:
I saw this film yesterday.
我昨天看过这电影.(强调性没那么强.只是单纯的陈述.)
Have you saw the film KINGKONG.?
-I have saw this film yesterday.
我昨天已经看过这电影了.(强调对现在造成的影响.已经看过了.)
现在完成时表示过去的行为对现在的影响或过去的动作一直持续到现在(现在完成时表示现在的过去,并且不可以与确切时间连用,若有确切时间应用一般过去时.)
结构-主语+have(has)+done
例:1表示过去的行为对现在的影响
I have had lunch .
Have you ever been to Paris?
She has gone to Shanghai.
2过去的动作一直持续到现在
I have learnt English for about 2 years.
He has been here since 5 years ago.
错误的表达方法
We have eaten breakfast at 9 o\'clock.
应用一般过去时-We ate breakfast at 9 o\'clock.
现在完成时:过去发生的动作对现在的影响或后果。
如:He has seen the film.( 他看过这部电影,所以他知道电影的内容。)(影响)
He hasn't finished his homewrok, so he can't go out to play.
(他没有完成作业, 所以不能出去玩。)(结果)
现在完成时表示现在已经做完某事,一般用于刚做完或回答是否做完。
have(has)+动词过去分词。
例如:
Do you know how to drive trucks?
Yes,I do。I have driven trucks for many years。
或:
Have you done your homework?
Yes,I have。I did my homework a little while ago。