双相不锈钢的焊接特点是什么?

2025-03-16 09:15:11
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

双相不锈钢其焊接特点如下:
双相不锈钢在正常固溶处理(1020℃~1100℃加热并水冷)后,钢中含有大约50%~60%奥氏体和50%~40%铁素体组织。随着加热温度的提高,两相比例变化并不明显。
双相不锈钢具有良好的低温冲击韧性,如20mm厚的板材横向试样在-80℃时冲击吸收功可达100J以上。在大多数介质中其耐均匀腐蚀性能和耐点腐蚀性能均较好,但要注意,该类钢在低于950℃热处理时,由于σ相的析出,其耐应力腐蚀性能将显著变坏。由于该钢Cr当量与Ni当量比值适当,在高温加热后仍保留有较大量的一次奥氏体组织,又可使二次奥氏体在冷却过程中生成,结果钢中奥氏体相总量不低于30%~40%因而使钢具有良好的耐晶间腐蚀性能。
另外,如前所述,在焊接这种钢时裂纹倾向很低,不须预热和焊后热处理。由于母材中含有较高的N,焊接近缝区不会形成单相铁素体区,奥氏体含量一般不低于30%。适用的焊接方法有钨极氩弧焊和焊条电弧焊等,一般为了防止近缝区晶粒粗化,施焊时,应尽量使用低的线能量焊接。

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