求初二上册英语语法要点

最好带图片,打字也可以,越清楚越好!人教版。
2025-02-24 22:14:14
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

初二年级(上)知识点,希望能帮到你
【知识梳理】
I.重点短语
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste of time
7. go on a field trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
16. get together
17. in the openair
18. on Mid-AutumnDay
19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
22. agree with
23. in the country
24. in town
25. all the same
26. in front of
27. on theleft/right side
28. next to
29. up and down
30. keep healthy
31. grow up
32. at the sametime
33. the day beforeyesterday
35. last Saturday
36. half an hourago
37. a moment ago
38. just now
39. by the way
40. all the time
41. at first
II. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’regoing to do sth.
4. startwith sth.
5. Whynot…?
6. Areyou going to…?
7. befriendly to sb.
8. You’dbetter do sth.
9. asksb. for sth.
10. saygoodbye to sb.
11. Goodluck(with sb)!
III. 交际用语
1.Welcome backto school!
2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late,because the traffic is bad.
3.It doesn’t matter.
4.Happy Teachers’ Day !
5.That’s a good idea.
6.What are you going to do?
7.Where are we going ?
8.What are we going to do ?
9.I’mgood at…
10.It’snot far from…
11. Areyou free tomorrow evening?
12.Would you and Lily like to come over to myhome for Mid-Autumn Festival?
13.I’m glad you can come.
14.Thanks for asking us.
15.How about another one?
16.May Ihave a taste?
17.Let me walk with you.
18.What do you have to do?
19.Do you live on a farm?
20.Which do you like better, the city or thecountry?
21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats orchickens?
22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!
23.---Let’s make it half past one. ---OK.
24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---Allright.
25.Excuseme. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
26.It’s overthere on the right.
27.I’msorry I don’t know.
28.You’dbetter…
29.Thankyou all the same.
30.Whichbus do I take?
31.Goalong this road.
32.Whatday was it yesterday?
33.I’msorry to hear that.
34.I hopeyou’re better now.
35.Whydid you call me?
36.Icalled to tell…
IV. 重要语法
1.be going to的用法;
2.形容词的比较级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比较
4.一般过去时
【名师讲解】
1. on the street / in the street
表示“在街上”时,on the street 和 in the street 都可以,在美国多用on the street, 在英国多用in the street. 例如:
Wehave a house in the street. 我们在街上有座房子。
Imet him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。
2. would like / like
would like和 like含义不同。like意思是“喜欢”,“爱好”,而 would like意思是“想要”。试比较:
Ilike beer.=I’m fond of beer. 我喜欢喝啤酒。
I’dlike a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。
Doyou like going to the cinema? 你喜欢看电影吗?
Wouldyou like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看电影吗?
3. another / theother
(1)another通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如:
May I have anotherapple, please? 请在给我一个苹果好吗?
This coat is too small for me. Please show me another这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件看看。
(2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如:
He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有两把尺子,一把短的,另一把长的。
I have two brothers. One works in Xi’an. The other works in Beijing.我有两个兄弟,一个在西安工作,另一个在北京工作。
4. have to /must
(1)have to和 must都可以用来谈论义务,但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时,常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务,常用have to。例如:
Imust stop smoking. 我必须戒烟。(自己想戒烟)
Theyhave to work for the boss.
他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们去工作)
(2)have to 可用于多种时态,must只能用于一般现在时。例如:
I’llhave to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。
Wehad to work long hours every day in order to get more money.
为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。
(3)用于否定句时,mustn’t意思是“决不能”,“禁止”,而don’t have to意思是“不必”,相当于needn’t。例如:
You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你决不能再迟到。
You don’t have to go there today. You cango there tomorrow.
你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. orsth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.
hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”,而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较:
Ihear him singing an English song.听见他在唱英歌曲。
Iheard him sing an English song.我听见他唱一首英文歌。
类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch, listen, feel等感官动词。
6. any /some
any和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用,但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较:
I want some money. 我想要点钱。
Have you any money? 你有钱吗?
I don’t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。
some 有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如:
Would you like some more beer?请你再来点啤酒好吗?
Could I have some rice, please?请给我来点米饭好吗?
7. hear /listen to
listen to 和hear都有“听”的意思,但含义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作,hear强调“听”的结果。例如:
Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell youa story. 请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。
Listen! Can you hear someone crying in thenext room? 听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗?
I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听,但什么也听不见。
hear 后面如果接宾语从句,常常表示“听说”。例如:
I hear some foreign students will visit ourschool.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。
I hear there is going to be a film in ourschool this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。
8. Let’s… /Let us…
Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”,如果us 包括听话人在内,其含义相同,附带问句用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内,其含义不同,Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如:
Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物好吗?
9. take/ bring/ carry /get
这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思,但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”,“拿走”,bring意为“带来”,“拿来”,get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”,carry不强调方向,带有负重的意思。试比较:
My parents often take me there onholidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。
I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。
Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。
I’ll bring the book to youtomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。
The waiter carried the me to thetable服务员把肉送到桌上。
The monkey carried the bag on herback.猴子把那个包背在背上。
She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。
Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。
10. far away /faraway
(1)faraway是一个副词短语,意思是“很远”。例如:
Some are far away. Some arenearer.有些离得很远,有些离得近一些的。
The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。
(2)faraway是一个形容词,意思是“遥远的”,可以在句中作定语。例如:
He lives in faraway mountainvillage.他住在一个遥远的小山村。
11. find / look for
find和lookfor 都有“找”的意思,但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果,而lookfor 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句:
He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。
I’m looking for my watch, butcan’t find it.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。
I hope you will soon find yourlost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。
另外,find还有“发现”;“感到”等意思。例如:
I found a wallet in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。
I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。
12. in front of /in the front of
In front of 表示在某物的前面,不在某物的范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部,在某物的范围内。试比较:
My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。
He is sitting in the front of thecar with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。