已知函数f(x)=ax+lnx,其中a为常数,e为自然对数的底数.(Ⅰ)当a=-1时,求f(x)的最大值;(Ⅱ)若

2025-04-24 14:21:58
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

(Ⅰ)当a=-1时,f(x)=-x+lnx,
f′(x)=?1+

1
x
1?x
x

当0<x<1时,f'(x)>0;
当x>1时.f'(x)<0,
∴x=1是f(x)在定义域(0,+∞)上唯一的极(大)值点,
则f(x)max=f(1)=-1.
(Ⅱ)∵f′(x)=a+
1
x

令f'(x)=0得x=?
1
a
>0

①当?
1
a
≥e
,即a≥?
1
e
时,f'(x)≥0,
从而f(x)在(0,e]上单调递增,
∴f(x)max=f(e)=ae+1≥0舍;
②当0<?
1
a
<e
,即a<?
1
e
时,
f(x)在(0,?
1
a
)
上递增,在(?
1
a
,e)
上递减,
f(x)max=f(?
1
a
)=?1+ln(?
1
a
)

?1+ln(?
1
a
)=?3
,得a=-e2
(Ⅲ)由(Ⅰ)知当a=-1时,
f(x)max=f(1)=-1,
∴|f(x)|≥1,
又令φ(x)=
lnx
x
+
1
2

φ′(x)=
1?lnx
x2

φ(x)≤φ(e)=
1
e
+
1
2
<1

∴方程无解.