too……to,so……that,enough的区别:
1、too……to,so……that,enough的基本含义不同。
too+adj./adv. to+v.太...而不能做某事;
adj./adv.+enough to +v.足够...而能做某事 ;
so +adj./adv.+that从句 如此...以致 。
2、后跟的adj./adv.的位置不同。too……to和so……that后跟adj./adv.时,都放在too和so的后面,而enough接adj./adv.时要前置,即放于enough的前面。
3、三者的形式不同。too……to和enough都属于短语词组,后跟adj./adv.充当句子成分。而so……that后跟从句充当句子成分。
so...that/enough/too...to之间的转换:
一、so…that与too…to的转换。当that引导的从句为否定式且从句主语与主句的主语相同时,so…that可转换为too…to结构;若从句主语与主句的主语不相同时,so…that可转换为too…for sb to结构。
例如:She is so young that she can’t go to school. =She is too young to go to school.
二、so…that与enough to的转换。
1、当that引导的从句为肯定式时,若从句主语与主句主语相同时,so…that可转换为enough to结构;若从句主语与主句主语不相同时,so…that可转换为enough for sb to结构。
例如:Xiao Lin is so old that he can go to school. =Xiao Lin is old enough to go to school.
2、当that引导的从句为否定式时,若从句主语与主句主语相同时,so…that可转换为enough to的否定结构;若从句主语与主句主语不相同时,so…that可转换为enough for sb to的否定结构。形容词(副词)要用其相应的反义词。
例如:The man is so old that he can’t go to work. =The man isn’t young enough to go to work.
三、enough to的句式为否定式时,enough to可以转换为too…to结构。转换后的too…to结构中的形容词(副词)要用其相应的反义词。
例如:He is not old enough to do the work. =He is too young to do the work.
一、意思不同。
1、too...to...意思是太...而不能做某事。
如:The road is too narrow to allow the passage of gondola.
这条街太窄,大型货车不能通过。
2、enough...to...意思是足够...而能做某事。
如:Do you have enough time to finish the paper?
你有足够的时间写完论文吗?
3、so...that...是如此...以致于。
如:He was so ill that two nurses attended on him.
他病得如此重,以致于有两个护士照顾他。
二、后跟的形容词或副词.的位置不同。
1、too……to和so……that后跟形容词或副词时,都放在too和so的后面。
2、而enough接形容词或副词时要前置,即放于enough的前面。
三、三者的形式不同。
1、too……to和enough都属于短语词组,后跟形容词或副词充当句子成分。
2、而so……that后跟从句充当句子成分。
在一般情况下,too... to...结构意为“太……以致不能……”,too后接形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形,动词不定式表示否定意义。但是,too... to...结构在以下情况中,动词不定式表示肯定意义。
一、too... to ...的意义
too...to...句型形式是肯定的,但表达否定意义,表示"太……而不能……"。too的后面接形容词或副词的原级,to的后面接动词原形,构成动词不定式。too...to...句型是简单句。例如:
He is too young to join the army.他年龄太小,不能参军。
二、动词不定式的逻辑主语
动词不定式所发出的动作,其执行者与整个句子的主语不同指一个人或物时,需要在动词不定式前加上一个逻辑主语(for sb.)。例如:
The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题太难我不能解出它。
三、too...to...结构表示肯定意义的情况
1. too前面含有表示否定意义的词,例如: not, never, nothing等时,too... to...结构不表示否定意义。例如:
One is never too old to learn.活到老,学到老。
2.如果在too...to...结构的前面出现了only,不仅免去了其否定意义,反而加强了它的肯定语气,only too相当于very或very much。例如:
I shall be only too pleased to get home.我将极高兴地回家。
3. too后为表示情感的形容词,例如:glad, pleased, happy, sad等时,表示的是肯定意义。例如:
He is too sad to hear the bad news.听到不幸的消息他太悲伤了。
四、too...to...结构与... enough to...结构及so...that...结构的相互转换
1.将too...to...结构转换为...enough to...结构时要注意:①enough前的形容词或副词须是too前面形容词或副词的反义词;②...enough to ...句式须用否定式;③too...to...结构有逻辑主语时,...enough to...结构也要加上逻辑主语。例如:
She is too young to do the work.→She isn't old enough to do the work.
2.将too...to...结构转换为so...that...结构时要注意:①so...that...结构是复合句,so的后面接形容词或副词,that的后面接从句;②that后面的从句要用否定形式。例如:
She is too young to do the work.→She is so young that she can't do the work.